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EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Define the term `Educational technology'. Describe its scope and noteworthy applications in the field of education in India, giving concrete examples from your experiences. 2. "The National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) is an apt example of an ET project at the macrolevel." Justify this statement highlighting the origin, need, objectives, programme inputs, instructional materials and delivery mechanisms of NIOS. Also suggest how we can expand and sharpen the open schooling system in India. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Explain Context Input Process and Product (CIPP) model of evaluation. Discuss the components of this model in the context of decision-making with regard to the effectiveness of an ET project. 4. Analyse the nature of 'experience' as opposed to `observation', and explain the concept of `experiential learning'. Discuss the teaching strategies that facilitate experiential learning. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each ; (i) Why should we lay emphasis on teaching `thinking skills' to our students in schools ? Explain such skilis with suitable examples. (ii) Explain the meaning of the term 'Management'. Describe the five major functions of management in the context of goals of educational technology. (iii) List the strengths and weaknesses of Education Radio programmes. How would you strengthen the listening of such programmes among students of your class ? (iv) Discuss the main features of a Learning Resource Centre. How is an LRC different from a library ? (v) What is E-Mail ? Describe its uses in distance education. (vi) Describe the reasons for using teaching-learning aids to make instruction more effective. (vii) Explain the meaning of the term media. Differentiate between multiple media and multimedia. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Suppose you have to carry out a Teleconferencing Session of 15 minutes' duration. Select a suitable topic and develop an academic brief/note. Mention all the necessary steps involved in its development, 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Beginning with the Audio-visual phase, describe with examples the four phases of world-wide evolution of educational technology. Also discuss briefly some futuristic trends you visualize in the current phase of .ET. 2. Describe briefly the main features, delivery mechanisms and instructional strategies of openschooling in India. What suggestions would you offer to sharpen and expand the Open Schooling System ? 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. How does evaluation of ET help a teacher ? Discuss with examples the approaches and types of evaluation for educational technology programmes. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) Define the term `learning'. Describe the major stages involved in the process of learning. (ii) Explain the meaning of the term 'software'. Why is it important to have a thorough knowledge of learners' needs, characteristics and conditions for designing any kind of educational software ? (iii) List three merits and demerits each of educational TV/video programmes. How would you go about using such programmes effectively in your class ? (iv) Describe Computer Assisted Learning (CAL). Describe the advantages and limitations of CAL. (v) Describe `tele-conferencing'. Describe its scope in distance learning. (vi) Discuss the special features of the printed study materials developed by N I O S and I G N O U for their learners. How are these materials different from the traditional textbooks ? (vii) Define "Learning Experiences" and explain the principles of organising learning experiences in the class. 6 Answer the following question in about 600 words. Select a topic of your choice. Develop a script for ETV programme of 5 - 10 minutes' duration. Mention all the steps required for the development of ETV scripts. 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Define the term `Educational Technology'. Describe the phases through which educational technologies have evolved during the past three decades. 2. Explain the meaning and significance of teleconferencing in distance education system. Discuss the types of teleconferencing system being used in India for educational purposes. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. What is the role of media in the instructional process ? Discuss briefly the factors to be considered while selecting appropriate media for classroom instruction. Substantiate your answer with suitable example. 4. Explain the need of managing educational technology. Discuss the steps you would like to take for the effective management of educational technology. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) What would be the nature of future classroom ? (ii) Discuss briefly the need and significance of open schooling in India. (iii) Discuss briefly principles of organising learning experiences. (iv) What is Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) ? Discuss advantages and disadvantages of using CAL in instructional process. (v) Mention the guidelines to be followed for increasing effectiveness in chalkboard writing. (vi) Discuss briefly how you can develop thinking skills among your students. (vii) What is meant by visual non-projected three-dimensional media ? Discuss briefly any two of them. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Identify a suitable theme from your subject area of teaching for developing a video programme. Develop programme brief and academic note for this video programme. 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. What is the meaning of `educational software' ? Discuss the principles of designing educational software for, developing knowledge, attitude and psychomotor skills at the secondary stage. 2. What is Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) ? Discuss various functions of CAL and the problems associated with its use in the instructional process. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Define the term `Educational Technology', Discuss various applications of educational technology in conventional and distance mode of learning. 4. Explain the meaning and significance of participatory learning. Discuss its broad features by giving an example. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) `Educational technology is an area of interdisciplinary study.' Explain. (ii) What is OHP ? How can you design and prepare transparencies for OHP (iii) What is `E-mail' ? How can it be effectively used in instructional process ? (iv) Discuss the important guidelines to be followed while developing audio scripts. (v) Explain integration of media with methods by giving an example. (vi) Discuss the skills required by the learners at various stages in the process of learning. (vii) Discuss the stages of experiential learning as given by Kolb with an example.   1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. "Defining Educational Technology as `Technology in Education' is a narrow view of ET." Expand this statement to bring out a suitable definition of ET. Also describe the scope and applications of ET in the field of education, with examples. 2. What is `open schooling' ? Describe with examples the multi-channel instructional strategies the NIOS uses to service its learners' needs. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. What is 'media selection' ? Describe its need in the context of day-to-day classroom teaching. Discuss with examples the steps you will follow while selecting and integrating media for instructional purposes. 4. "Experience holds the key to learning." Justify this statement with suitable examples from your experience as a teacher. Also explain the factors that determine the nature of experiential learning. 5. Answer the following questions. Answer each question in about 150 words : (i) Describe the need, importance and role of Personal Contact Programmes (PCPs) in open and distance learning systems, giving examples from your own experiences as a distance learner. (ii) What is Internet ? Describe some of its uses and applications in the ODL system. (iii) What is a Learning Resource Centre ? Describe the kinds of resources you will recommend for setting up an ideal LRC. (iv) What is meant by non-projected two-dimensional communication aids ? Describe the kinds and uses of such communication aids in the teaching-learning process. (v) List the major strengths and weaknesses of audio-radio programmes. Describe how you as a teacher, will ensure effective utilization of audio-radio programmes in your class. (vi) What is 'participatory learning' ? Explain its key characteristics as reflected in Mirambika School. (vii) Describe with examples the five major functions of management in the context of ET. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. List important guidelines for developing an educational audio/radio programme script. Based on these guidelines, prepare a programme brief and develop a 10-minute educational audio/radio script on any teaching topic or theme for secondary school students. 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. What, according to you, is `Educational Technology' ? Describe the main stages of its evolution beginning from `teaching aids' to the use of multimedia and ICT driven technologies. 2. Discuss the main factors that led to the emergence of open and distance learning systems in India citing examples of National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS). Also describe in detail the distinguishing features of the NIOS. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. "Evaluation is an integral part of educational technology. " Examine this statement critically and state the rationale and purposes of evaluating an ET project. Also describe with examples the four components of C I P P model of evaluation. 4. Why do we use printed `Self-Learning Materials' (SLMs) as the principal mode of instruction for open and distance learners ? Describe the structure and main characteristics of SLMs giving illustrations from your own (B.Ed.) course materials. 5. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each : (i) Describe the need, importance and role of audio-video programmes and computer-driven inputs in open and distance learning systems, giving examples from your own experience as a distance learner. (ii) What is teleconferencing ? Discuss the merits and demerits of audio and video conferencing. (iii) Why will an individual, in the near future, be required to continue to learn throughout his/her life ? Explain it and clarify the concept of a `Learning Society'. (iv) What is a chart good for ? Describe various types of charts used in day-to-day classroom teaching. (v) List the major strengths and weaknesses of TV/Video programmes. Describe how you, as a teacher, will ensure effective utilization of TV/Video programmes in your class. (vi) State the key principles of learning as envisaged by Sri Aurobindo. How does Mirambika School attempt to realise these principles through its programmes and activities ? (vii) What is experiential learning ? Describe the stages in the process of experiential learning. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. List important guidelines for developing an educational TV/Video programme script. Based on these guidelines, prepare a programme brief and develop a 10-minute TV/Video script on any teaching topic or theme for Secondary school students.

COMPUTERS IN EDUCATION 1.Answer the following in about 600 words : Discuss the advantages of use of computers in Educational Administration. 2. Discuss the benefits of computers in open learning system in the context of teaching with technology. 3. Answer the following in about 600 words : What is multimedia ? Discuss the hardware/software requirements of a multimedia. 4. Explain software tools for teaching. Discuss any four applications of software used in educational environment with examples. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) Describe the principles of programmed learning. (ii) Why is documentation of software necessary for the software ? (iii) Explain the different categories for editing a document. (iv) Write a note on PERT charts. (v) Explain student performance record interface. (vi) Write the various project control strategies and discuss one of them. 6. Answer the following in about 600 words As a teacher you must have felt the need of student data. How did you prepare student data using computer based administration system ? Explain. 1. Answer the following in about 600 words : What is multimedia ? Discuss other input/output devices attached to a multimedia computer and also give the name of the software used. 2. Explain the history of educational use of computers. Discuss the current uses of computers in education. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words : Discuss the role of MIS in educational planning.  4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of computer banking ? Discuss any four advantages and four disadvantages of computer banking by using computers. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) What are the characteristics of Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) ? (ii) Write a note on Information Processing Task Analysis (IPTA). (iii) Describe test items in design and development of Computer Based Instructions (CBI) courseware. (iv) Describe the drawbacks of a human teacher in comparison with teaching through computers. (v) Discuss the physical components needed for Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI). (vi) Write the major categories of personnel involved in a typical ITS. Describe any two of them. 6. Answer the following in about 600 words : While preparing the lesson plan for computer based teaching what all documents have you created ? Explain any four documents which you created for the lesson plan.   1. Answer the following question in about 600 words : What are . the different hardware requirements of a multimedia ? Discuss them with suitable examples. 2. Explain the historical background of educational use of computers. Discuss the various issues involved in the use of computers in education. Illustrate your answer with suitable examples. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words : What is the significance of project control ? Discuss various project control strategies used in the management of CBI development project. 4. What are the different categories of student - computer interface ? Discuss them with suitable examples. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each (i) What are the typical functions of computerised inventory system ? (ii) Describe the common factors associated with successful implementation of Management Information System (MIS) in educational planning. (iii) Explain the use of computers in open learning system. (iv) Differentiate with examples between LAN and WAN in the context of computer application. (v) Describe the advantages of using computers in school administration. (vi) Discuss briefly the various components of MIS structure. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words : You are required to implement software packages in the. development of a CBI courseware in your subject area in the school. What are the different implementation strategies that you would like to use for this purpose ? Discuss them with suitable examples.  1. Answer the following question in about 600 words : What is a question bank ? Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of question bank in the context of computerised question banks. What are various issues that are to be considered in planning a computerised question bank in your subject of specialisation ?   2. Explain Management Information System (MIS) and its significance in educational planning. Discuss the advantages of the use of computers in MIS. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words : Discuss the process of development schedule along with various steps required in creating documentation. Illustrate your answer with suitable example. 4. Describe programmed learning, its principles and types in the context of development of courseware, with examples. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) Discuss the precautions and promises one has to consider in implementation of Computer Based Instruction (CBI) practices. (ii) Discuss the role of Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) in teaching. (iii) Explain the role of media in the selection, design and development of CBI courseware. (iv) Describe four components useful in the courseware evaluation. (v) Discuss briefly the need and requirements in writing specific objectives in designing CBI courseware. (vi) Discuss briefly student performance record interface. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words : You have to select computer softwares for classroom teaching in any one of your teaching subjects. Discuss the criteria for software selection considering the various steps you would like to consider for this purpose. Illustrate your answer with suitable examples. 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words : Define Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Which computer technology are they based upon ? List out its various components also. 2. What is the purpose of specific objectives in design and development of CBI courseware ? Identify briefly the requirements in writing specific objectives. Illustrate your answer with suitable examples. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words : What is student interface design ? How is student computer interface classified ? Describe also the various features of a good interface as desired by users. 4. A software development project goes through various phases. Explain them with suitable examples. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) How does a CPM differ from a PERT chart ? (ii) Why are high level languages generally used ? (iii) How can the issue of computer software piracy be resolved ? (iv) Why is it necessary to infuse teachers into computer education programs ? (v) List down the characteristics of computer conferencing. (vi) What is a browse-mode ? Why is it good for teachers ? 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words : Describe the various factors that increase the chances of a successful implementation ofmanagement information system. Discuss them with suitable examples. 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words : What are the different steps in testing of the computer-based courseware ? Discuss them with suitable examples. 2. Differentiate between Computer Based Instruction (CBI) and Conventional teaching. Discuss the hardware and software requirements for design and implementation of CBI. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words : What are the different primitive structures used in structured task analysis ? Discuss them briefly. 4. When will you use linear project control strategy ? Illustrate your answer with suitable examples. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) Describe the various principles of programmed learning. (ii) How would you differentiate between ICR and OMR ? (iii) What are the problems of disabled students in having an access to computers ? (iv) What is the advantage of MIDI over digitized sound ? (v) What are the hardware requirements for video in multimedia ? (vi) Differentiate between single user operating system and multiuser operating system. Also, give an example for each. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words : How does computerisation of personnel record maintenance in your school help in managing Human Resources more efficiently ? Illustrate your answer with suitable examples.

GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. What is the need of evaluating guidance programme ? Discuss different methods of evaluation of a guidance programme. 2. Explain the various stages and tentative periods according to Ginzberg's theory in career development. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Why do we need to integrate Guidance and Curriculum ? Discuss. 4. Define Counselling. Discuss its principles and process. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each (i) Explain how work influences attitudes and values of an individual. (ii) Explain the meaning of stigmatization and withdrawal. Suggest ways to deal with individuals suffering from these. (iii) What do you understand by concept of inclusive schooling ? What are the various approachesof inclusive schooling ? (iv) Mention the factors that lead to socio-emotional problems of the individuals with handicap. Give suitable examples. (v) Discuss advantages and limitations of interest inventories. (vi) Explain the concepts : Conflicting rules, Displacement and Firmness. 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Describe the various steps involved in Directive Counselling. 2. What practical measures are to be taken for increasing enrolment and retention of girls in schools ? Describe with suitable examples. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Describe techniques for behavioural management. OR 4. What is meant by standardized tests in guidance ? Describe at least four of them. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) What are the determinants of career patterns ? (ii) Differentiate between class talk and career talk. (iii) Mention the various sources and objectives to obtain occupational information. Describe briefly. (iv) What are various types of guidance ? Illustrate with examples. (v) Discuss teacher's role in career planning. (vi) What are the various uses of rating scales in guidance and counselling ? Describe one of them in brief. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Select a handicapped student of 12 to 16 years of age. Observe his/her activities and behaviour. Discuss with them on various issues in order to know his/her attitude towards the inadequacy she/he is facing. How will you help him/her to cope with that ? Prepare a report. 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Explain briefly the nature and concept of guidance and counselling. Discuss the principles of guidance and counselling. 2. Explain the concept of group counselling. Discuss the process of group counselling along with its advantages and limitations. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Explain the different techniques which are generally employed by guidance workers. Discuss interest inventory as a technique of guidance giving its advantages and limitations. 4. Explain the concept of career development. Discuss how gender affects career development with special reference to women in India. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) Explain the skills Of an effective counsellor in a school. (ii) Discuss principles of group guidance. (iii) Discuss role of a teacher in promoting career development of girls. (iv) Explain briefly various types of behaviour problems in school students. (v) Discuss the specific problems of Scheduled Tribe students. (vi) Discuss the concept and approach of indusive schooling. (vii) Explain the meaning and importance of cumulative record of a school child. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. As a teacher in a school, you would have identified a student suffering from `disrespect-defiance' as a behaviour problem. To conduct the case study of this student, mention the information needed for its planning and also explain the necessary guidance you would like to provide on the basis of the case study. 1. Explain the nature and concept of guidance. Discuss the purpose of guidance at the school level and its contribution to teachers and students. 2. Explain the meaning of counselling. Discuss major approaches to counselling. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Explain the purpose of school guidance programme. Describe various types of guidance services and its activities for secondary school students, with suitable illustrations. 4. Explain the concept and importance of career development. Discuss various stages of career development, illustrating each stage with suitable examples. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) Briefly explain the concept and significance of group guidance. (ii) Explain the different guidance techniques for handling discipline problems in a school. (iii) Discuss rating scale as a technique of guidance. Mention its limitations. (iv) Discuss briefly the salient features of career development of girls in India. (v) Discuss nature of behaviour problems of students in secondary schools. (vi) Explain the concept and approach of inclusive schooling. (vii) Explain the meaning of career conference and the guidelines to be followed while planning a conference. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. You are to provide occupational orientation to science students of Class X in your school. What type of information about occupational fields should you give ? Also list the methods you would use to disseminate the information. 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. What is counselling ? Enumerate and highlight its principles and goals and mention the majorapproaches to counselling. 2. How would genetic inheritance, early childhood experiences and subsequent experiences lead to vocational behaviour ? Discuss this question in the context of Roe's theory of career choice. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Should the orientation programme be same for elementary, secondary and senior secondary students ? Develop an outline for orientation of students at secondary and senior secondary level for your school. 4. Enumerate the special problems of tribal education. Discuss any two schemes available to overcome the problems of tribal education. Suggest steps to be undertaken to increase enrolment, retention and achievement among tribal children.   5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) Describe types of guidance, with examples. (ii) Why do we need to integrate guidance and counselling ? (iii) Describe the four techniques of testing personality. (iv) Explain the term `group guidance'. Discuss any two group guidance activities which are carried out in schools. (v) Mention the various stages of career development given by Super. (vi) Discuss which mode of child rearing is most effective and why. (vii) Mention three factors that lead to the socio-emotional problems of the individuals with handicaps. (viii) What is I.E.D.C. ? How is it different from P.I.E.D. ?  6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. In your school, as a teacher, you have a student requiring help through counselling. Select and discuss an appropriate counselling approach that you will use to help the student. 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. What is the role for guidance personnel in the guidance programme ? Highlight separately the specific roles of counsellors and teachers in the process of guidance programme. 2. What is 'group guidance' ? Describe any two group guidance activities. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Explain the term behaviour problem. Why should the teacher have knowledge of types of behavioural problems ? Discuss any five behavioural modification techniques a teacher can use for students. 4. What is the general perception of normal person towards person with handicap ? Mention three factors that lead to the socio-emotional problems of the individual with handicap. Discuss two main goals of intervention for individuals with physical handicap. 5. Write short notes or/Answer of the following. in about 150 words each : (i)Purpose and scope of guidance. (ii) Resistance and counter will in the context of counselling. (iii) List various types of rating-scales. Describe one of them in brief. (iv) Explain any two methods of classification of occupational information with relevant examples taken from a school. (v) What is the role of teachers in the career planning of their students ? {vi) Which three things can a teacher do to promote career development of girls ? (vii) How can parents help their children cope with their behaviour problems ? (viii) Mention any two curriculum modifications that may lead to greater girl enrolment and retention in schools. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Suppose you are a counsellor and plan to make an evaluation of the guidance services in your school. Discuss the same specifying the objectives and procedures. 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Explain the nature of guidance. Discuss the purpose and scope of guidance giving suitable examples.   2. Differentiate between guidance and counselling. Discuss the stages of counselling process. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Explain the meaning and importance of career development. Describe the stages of the process of career development as given by Super (1957). 4. Explain the nature of behaviour problems of children. Discuss the causes of behavioural problems giving suitable examples. 5. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each : (i) Discuss advantages and limitations of group counselling. (ii) Explain the integration of guidance with school curriculum. (iii) Describe the role of teachers as guidance personnel. (iv) Discuss the methods of dissemination of occupational information in schools. (v) Describe the types of career patterns of women with suitable examples. (vi) Explain the concept and approaches of Inclusive Education. (vii) Explain the concept of aptitude and meaning of aptitude test. (viii) Discuss any three psychological factors which facilitate classroom learning. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. The Principal of your school wants you to introduce guidance programme in the school. Which services will you organise for the students of IX and X grades ? Discuss various activities under any one guidance service considered for the guidance programme.

DISTANCE EDUCATION 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. What is the definition of "Distance Education" according to Desmond Keegan ? Discuss specific features of Distance Education based on his definition, 2. What are the different models of Distance Education institutions ? Compare the similarities and differences between single mode and dual mode Distance Education institutions. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Explain the SQ3R technique of reading.  4. What are the skills and qualities of a good counsellor ? Explain with illustrations. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each (1) Describe the functions of an academic counsellor. (ii) Describe the access devices in self-learning materials. (iii) Discuss the conditions to enhance learning from television. (iv) Describe at least three characteristics of adult distance learners. (v) Explain how `economies of scale' can be achieved in Distance Education. (vi) Describe the use of questionnaire in programme evaluation. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words Suppose you are asked to prepare guidelines for assignment response evaluation in a Distance Education institution. Describe the different types of tutor comments that you will recommend evaluators to use and avoid. 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. What are the various uses of three major types of non-print media in Distance Education ? Explain with suitable examples. 2. Describe the different ways of media use in Distance Education with illustrations. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Discuss the various factors affecting cost of Distance Education. 4. "Evaluation is the collection, analysis and interpretation of information about any aspects of a programme." Explain the statement in the context of Distance Education. 5. Answer the following In about 150 words each : (i) What do you mean by correspondence education ? (ii) Describe the present status of teacher education programmes through Distance Education in India. (iii) Explain the importance of staff development in Distance Education. (iv) What are the pre-requisites for course writers in Distance Education ? (v) Explain Laurillard's approach to media taxonomy. (vi) Discuss the significance of Personal Contact Programmes (PCP) in Distance Education. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. You might have done the format editing of a self-learning unit from your subject area. What special features did you look for ? How did you undertake the unit editing ? Explain. 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Differentiate between correspondence and open education. Justify that distance and open education is the need of the society at this juncture. 2. What do you understand by media integration in. teaching - learning process at a distance ? How does it help in student learning ? 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Self-Learning Materials (SLM) ensure quality in teaching - learning at a distance. Justify your answer with your experiences as a distance learner. 4. Explain the features of format, content and language editing in Self-Learning Materials. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) Write a short note on `Distance Education Council' (DEC). (ii) What are multiple media in distance education ? Point out briefly their significance. (iii) Define and explain computer aided learning. (iv) Explain in brief about the generations of distance education. (v) Write merits and demerits of print media in the teaching - learning process. (vi) What do you understand by concept mapping ? Explain its features. (vii) What are the factors that influence self-learning of a distance learner ? Explain with suitable examples. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Differentiate among the models of distance education institutions - single mode, dual mode and consortium.   7. Explain in detail the types of counselling at various stages of learning at a distance. 1. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Learner/student support services are considered as an important component in open and distance education - discuss. 2. Explain merits and demerits of continuous assessment in the distance learning system. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Explain the important features of programme evaluation of a distance education programme. 4. Education is an investment or consumption - critically state your ideas in the context of distance learning in the era of globalisation. 5. Answer the following in about 150 words each : (i) Write a short note on data collection techniques. (ii) Explain the steps involved in monitoring of assignments. (iii) What is expected of the distance educator through "positive comments" on assignment response ? (iv) What do you understand by quality control and service management ? (v) Explain the importance of formative evaluation in the distance learning process. (vi) Differentiate between centralised and decentralised evaluation. (vii) What are the major functions of assignments in distance teaching-learning ? 6. Answer the following questions in about 600 words. Assignments facilitate two-way communication in distance learning - explain the issues involved in it. 7. What are the academic and operational problems faced by distance learners ? Explain the issues with redressal mechanisms or suggestions to improve the system. 1, Answer the following question in about 600 words. What is meant by 'lifelong education' ? Explain some of its major characteristics. How can lifelong education be achieved through distance education ? 2. Describe the characteristic features of distance education. 3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Discuss the criteria for media selection for effective teaching-learning process in the classroom. 4. What are `access devices' in self-instructional materials ? Discuss how self-instructional materials promote active learning. 5. Answer the following questions. Answer each question in about 150 words : (i) Discuss with examples the problems distance learners face during teaching-learning process through distance education. (ii) Explain the SQ3R technique of reading. (iii) What are the different stages of counselling ? Explain each .with examples. (iv) What is `grading'. ? Describe the advantages of grading. (v) Explain the importance of course team in distance education. (vi) Differentiate between fixed and variable costs in distance education. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Suppose you have been asked to evaluate the B.Ed. programme of IGNOU. ,Describe how you will proceed in this task. Identify the instruments you will use. Also describe how you will collect, analyseand report the programme evaluation data.   3. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Do media influence learning ? Describe how learning from television can be enhanced. 4. Describe the key features of self-instructional materials. 5. Answer the following questions in about 150 words each : (i) Differentiate between correspondence education and open education. (ii) What do you mean by `self-learning' ? (iii) Describe the four qualities of a good counsellor. (iv) Discuss Bate's proposition on media and technology In distance education. (v) Explain the importance of format editing in distance education. (vi) What are teaching type comments in assignment evaluation ? Give examples. 6. Answer the following question in about 600 words. Suppose you are an academic counsellor of a distance education programme and asked to evaluate the assignments of learners. Discuss the essential aspects of evaluation alongwith comments while evaluating the assignments.

EDUCATION AND ITS NATURE QUESTION:- 1. Prepare lists of educational aims for different levels of school education. Compare your aims with aims of education in a democratic set-up. Also, find out in what ways these aims can take care ofindividual and social interests. 2. The spiritual, developmental and the social mould of education are actually complementary to each other. Comment. 3. Find out how school education today helps individual development and social progress. 4. Do you feel that education in India today has been able to strike the right balance between coercion, persuasion and modelling? How?

AGENClES OF EDUCATION QUESTION:- 1. Visit a nearby home and discuss with parents how they are contributing to the education of their children. Evaluate the behaviour of parents in the light of their understanding of their children. 2. Visit a school in your vicinity and discuss with teachers and students the various activities being organised which facilitate children's growth and development. 3. List the different kinds of, media available in the cornrnunity/school and evaluate whether these are properly and adequately being, utilized for children's education.

PHILOSOPHICAL BASIS OF EDUCATION QUESTION:- 1. What is Plato's conception of curriculum? How can its elements be brought into modern curriculum construction? 2. Do you think philosophical basis is inherent in modern Indian education? Discuss with the help of your experiences as a teacher. 3. How important is the study of philosophy of education for a teacher? How does it help to solve the day-to-day problems that the teacher faces in the classroom? 4. Collect material on the life of eminent philosophers, and analyse how their ideas and thoughts have been affected by their circumstances. 5. How much is experience important for the educand and the educator? Is experience the basis of all knowledge and learning? 6. As a teacher, what do you feel would be the optimum philosophical combination in a modern teacher-learning situation?

DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLES IN EDUCATION QUESTION:- 1. Keeping in view the present status of democracy in India, suggest some ways and means of qualitative democratization of education. 2. What are your suggestions for introducing the true spirit of democracy in our educational institutions? 3. What should be the role of teachers and students in the "Education for All" Project? How Fan every member of the educated community assist in making this programme a success? 4. How can students' participation in the management of school and colleges be made maximally useful? 5. How can our schools train students in citizenship? 6. Collect materials pertaining to Total Literacy Campaigns in the country. Suggest ways of making these programmes more effective.

(1) Distinguish between a ductile and a brittle material. Give examples of ductile and brittle materials. (2) Describe the procedure for finding Rockwell hardness. (3) Describe the process of steel making with direct arc electric furnace. (4)What are the distinguish features of eutectoid, hypo-eutectoid and hyper eutectoid steels ? (5) What is stainless steel ? Mention those properties which distinguish stainless steel from plaincarbon steel (6) Define thermal conductivity. Give units of thermal conductivity. Explain mechanism of thermalconduction through materials. (7) Define refractoriness. List at least five refractory materials. Describe the properties of refractory materials. (8) What is a glass ? What are different types of glasses ? What are tailor made glass properties ? (9) Define the term lubricant and describe the functions of lubricants. (10) Define the term coating. What are the purposes of coatings ? Explain.

BASICS OF THERMAL ENGINEERING (1) Define a steam turbine and state its fields of application

(2) State the methods of increasing the thermal efficiency of a Rankine cycle. (3) State the First Law of Thermodynamics and prove that for a non-flow process, it leads to the energy equation Q = AU + W (4) Define a steam condenser and state its fields of application.

(5) Explain briefly the zeroth law of Thermodynamics. (6) Describe in brief the "bleeding of steam turbine". (7) Derive an expression for heat loss in kJ/ m2-hr through a composite wall of layers without considering convective heat transfer co-efficients. (8) Discuss the need for cooling towers and cooling ponds. How are cooling towers classified ? (9) Enumerate the comparison between 'Fire-tube and Water-tube' boilers. (10) Describe in brief the three modes of heat transfer. Which is the slowest of all? (11) Briefly explain the ash handling disposal circuit of a Thermal Power Plant. (12) What do you understand by the 'Clausius Statement of second law of Thermodynamics' ? (13) Describe in brief the various non-conventional energy sources.

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (1) Write and explain various surface and ground water sources. (2) List various factors which are considered before taking a decision on design period of watersupply schemes. (3)List and explain in brief various bacteriological tests conducted for the estimation of micro-biological quality of water. (4)List and explain in brief the water treatment processes covered under pre- treatment. (5)Differentiate between coagulation and flocculation (6)With the help of sketches, illustrate various types of layout used in water distribution system. (7)List various appurtenances used in house water supply. (8)What are the basic components of sanitary sewer system ? (9) Distinguish between sanitary sewer and storm drainage system. (10)What are different units of sludge treatment ? Draw a flow diagram of it.Also discuss sludge thickening, sludge stabilization and sludge dewatering. (11)Name various ways of final disposal of effluent of sewage treatment plant. (12)Classify wells according to water flow conditions. Explain any one. (13) Classify wells according to method of Constructions. Explain tube well with neat sketch. (14) With the help of a neat sketch, describe the working of a slow sand filter. Also discuss its relative advantages and disadvantages over rapid sand filters.   (15)List various types of pipes and pipe joints which are used for water supply system. Describe with the help of neat sketch, two types of joints. (16)What do you understand by corrosion in pipes ? What are the reasons of corrosion? What are the remedial methods ? (17)Discuss the working principle of activated sludge process. Draw a flow diagram in schematic form of waste water treatment plant that includes activated sludge process. (18)With the help of a flow diagram describe the working of Aerobic Sludge Digester. Also discuss the relative advantages and disadvantages of aerobic and anaerobic sludge digestion process. (19) Define average per capita demand of water and discuss the factors affecting it (20) How you will select source of water for water supply schemes ? Discuss (21) What do you understand by the term, "Water Borne Disease" ? Name one water borne disease under each category of bacterial viral and protozoa origin. (22)How should water sample be collected for laboratory examinations ? Explain in brief (23)What is water softening ? Explain any three methods of water softening (24)What are the basic components of sanitary sewer system ? (25)Distinguish between sanitary sewer and storm drainage system. (26) What do you understand by terms Sludge Bulking and F/M ratio ? Dlscuss the importance with reference to wastewater treatment.

CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

 (1)  Differentiate between end bearing pile and friction pile.

HEAT POWER TECHNOLOGY 1.Classify I. C. engines and sketch two types based on cylinder arrangement 2.Name any eight engine components describe head. 3.A single cylinder 4 stroke engine has 14 stroke = cylinder diameter = 80 mm. The engine runningat 500 rpm produces a torque of 60 Nm at the crankshaft. The indicated mean effective pressure is 2.1 N/mm2. What is the mechanical efficiency of the engine ? Also find friction power. 4.Sketch an electronic ignition system for an I. C. engine and bring out differences with battery ignition system. 5.Explain why cooling is needed in an engine and what happens if engine is over cooled. 6.Name modes of heat transfer and correlate them with engine parts. 7.What is constrained motion. Sketch system with constrained motion and incompletely constrained motion.  8.Classify kinematic pairs according to relative motion and type of contact: 9.What are different types of power transmission systems and what are their characteristics ? 10. Draw the diagram of a four-stroke SI engine showing various components 11. A single cylinder four-stroke diesel engine 7 has a bore of L50 mm and a stroke of 200 mm. when engine runs at 400 rpm., it develops 10 kW. The area of the indicator diagram is 7.25 cm and its maximum length is 6.125 cm. The spring constant is 8 bar /cm. Determine : a) The mean effective pressure b) The indicated power, and c) The mechanical efficiency of the engine 12. Explain the working principle of a simple carburator with a neat diagram. 13. What are the functional requirements of an injection system used in compression ignition engines ? Explain 14. State the objectives of super charging an engine. Explain the effect of super charging on engine performance.

15. Compare the relative merits and demerits of battery and magneto ignition system 16. State the main functions of a spark plug. Draw a neat sketch of a spark plug, and label its components 17. With a neat diagram, explain briefly the dry sump lubrication system.

REFRIGERATION & AIR.CONDITIONING 1 Answer any two of the following : (a) List some applications of air conditioning . (b) With a simple sketch explain the working of a vapour compression refrigeration system. (c) Explain briefly some applications for reciprocating and centrifugal compressors. 2 Answer any two of the following : (a) What is the significance of the Carnot refrigerator ? What are the practical difficulties in devising a Carnot refrigerator ? (b) What is a Cascade Refrigeration System ? Compare this system with multistorage compression and evaporation 3 What is the working substance in air conditioning? Would you call it a pure substance ? How do you calculate its molecular mass ? 4 Answer any two of the following: (a) Define (i) Dew point temperature (ii) Dry bulb temperature (iii) Wet bulb temperature (b) What do you understund by marine relrigeration and how is it different from truck refrigeration ? (c) It is proposed to use a reversed Carnot engine as a refrigerator. The unit consumes 10 kW power. If the COP is 3.5, determine the refrigeration capacity of the unit. 5 Answer any two of the following:: (a) What are the important Factors Which govern the choice of a r?frigerant? (b) How do tho following two.factors inflicnco the performance of a vapour-compressioni refngeration system? (1) Suction vapour- superheat (2) Liquid subcooling 6 What are the difierent types of compressors ued in industry ? write in short working system of any one type of compressor? 7 Define refrigerant. State desirable chemical propeeties of a good refrigetant? 8 What are the differences between: (i) Refrigertion and Heat pump system (ii) Natural convection condenser and Forced air circulation condenser (iii) Primary and secondary refrigerants 9 Write in brief on Comfort Air-conditioning? 10 What do you understand by martine refrigeration and how is it different from truck refrigeration? 11 What are the parameters required to be controlled for air conditioning ? 12 How is summer air conditioning different from winter air conditioning ? 13 What is the function of condenser in refrigeration system ? Write short notes on air cooledcondenser. 14 Define primary refrigerant. State thermodynamic properties of a good refrigerant? 15 What are the factors contributing to food spoilage ? 16 What are the different types of refrigeration systems used for refrigeration trucks and trailers ? 17 How do the parts of an ammonia absorption system compare with those of a vapourcompression system ? 18 What is ton of refrigeration ? List some applications of air conditioning. 19 What do you understand by transport refrigeration ? What types of refrigeration systems are used for transport refrigeration ? Explain with examples. 20 What are the various factors which are contributing to food spoilage ? List the causes of food spoilage. 21 What is refrigerating effect ? How refrigeration helps in the preservation of food products ? 22 What are the temperature and humidity conditions required for the comfort air conditioning ? Explain. 23 What is condenser ? What are the various types of condensers ? Explain working principle of water cooled condenser. 24 What is a refrigerant ? List some common refrigerants. Also describe the various desirable properties of Refrigerants. 25 What is a ceased refrigeration system ? Compare this system with multistage compression andevaporation systems. 26 What are the conditions for Highest COP. Explain the effects on P-h diagram? 27 What are different types of condensers used in refrigeration ? Explain the working of Evaporative condenser. 28 What are the different types of Evaporators ? Explain in short any one type of Evaporator. 29 Discuss the desirable thermodynamic, chemical and physical properties of refrigerants.? 30 What are different steps in food preservation ? 31 Describe various types of Freezers.?

EQUITY MARKETS

1. Discuss the role of Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in regulating the Financial markets in India. Also briefly explain the major achievements of SEBI since its inception.

2. What is a 'financial market' ? Discuss the components of Indian Financial Markets and

explain how are they interlinked with each other ?

3. What is meant by Book Building process of Public Issues ? What are the different steps involved in the issuance of equity shares through this process ? Discuss its advantages also.

What is Investment management Investment management involves first making an investment decision and next protecting and promoting the Capital value of such investments. In this process, there is need for makinginvestment analysis at two levels namely at macro level- market analysis. Market analysis involves the analysis of the market trends of some indicators like prices, volume of trade etc. Company analysis comprises of the study of companys fundamentals in terms of its operational and financial results. Then the analysis should extend to comparison of the companys performance with that of the industry to which it belongs and the market as a whole. Components of Investment Management Chart I shows what is investment and its components namely: (a) Investment analysis, (b) Investment decision making ( c ) review and monitoring of investment based on research. The study of fundamentals will reveal the industry and the companies to invest in while the study of technicals will tell us the timing of purchase and sale decisions. There are four types of decisions which an investors can make , which are explained below briefly: (a) Buy Decision : When investment analysis shows that a company share price is undervalued in terms of the fundamentals and expectations of the company relative to other companies in the same industry, its share recommended to be bought. (b) Sell Decision: When investment research reveals that a company share is overvalued in the market, relative to its fundamentals, and expectations based on some norms like P/E multiple, book value or present value of discounted cash flows etc. then that share is recommended to be sold. ( c ) Hold decision : when research shows that a companys future performance is uncertain and fundamentals and the market do not reveal any reliable trend, then a hold decision has to be taken. (d) Average Up/Down : when the market trend is against your position, say you want to sell, when the market price is falling then small doses of purchase have to be effected to average down your price per share. On the reverse side, if you want to buy, but the market price is countinuing to rise, instead of falling as expected by you, then slow doses of sales have to be made to average up your price per share.

OPTIONS TRADING  What is Options It is a derivative security used for the purpose of risk management in the investment market, based on some security. Futures, forwards, swaps, options etc., are all examples of hedge against risk. Investors are risk averse and want to reduce the risk. Individuals and corporations have a strong urge to reduce or manage risk and this is secured by trading in derivative markets. The volatility in share prices require to be hedge. Thus, the larger the volatility the larger is the hedging demand. This is secured through the options and futures. Thus the volume of futures or options can cause higher or lower volatility in underlying share/securities. These are all tools for risk management and no correlation is empirically found for options to increase or reduce volatility of shares prices Characteristics of Options Derivatives have many distinctive characteristics. 1. Their origin is from some other security, commodity or reference point, (such as indexes.) 2. They are instruments of hedge against risk of undue volatility. 3.They are leveraged instruments for risk management based on original security or instrument. Calls and puts The two major type of stock options are calls and puts. A call gives the investors the right to purchase 100 shares of a particular stock at a fixed price until a specific date. An investor who purchases a call option locks in a price on 100 shares of stock for a predetermined time. A put option gives an investor the right to sell 100 shares of a particular stock at a fixed price until a specific date. A put in a price at which to sell stock rather than a price at which to buy stock. Both puts and c alls provide the investor with the right, but not the obligation, to use the option. Stock options are created, or �written�, by other investors who wish to earn income from selling the options. The writers then become obligated to sell (if a call has been sold) or purchase (if a put has been sold) the stock if and when the owner of the option decides to exercise the put or call. Puts and calls derive their values from the values of the stock that they can be used to sell or purchase. Stock options pay no dividends or interest and expire without any value if not used by the expiration date. The value of call option is directly related to the value of the underlying stock(i.e. the option value increase when the stock value increase) and the value of a put is inversely related to the value of the underlying stock (i.e., the option value increase when the stock value decrease ). Option values are also affected by the time remaining until expiration, the price volatility of the underlying common stock and the market rate of interest. Types of Derivatives The security or asset classes on which the derivatives depend are : (1) Debt or Bonds, (2) Equities ,(3) Indexes, (4) Commodities, (5) Currencies. Options vs. Badla  The age old method of badla financing facilities the carry forward transactions in the stock market and serves almost the same purpose of helping speculation and imparting greater volume and better liquidity , as in the case of options. In both methods, no delivery of securities is envisaged and both depend on some underlying securities traded on cash/delivery basis. Then why do SEBI and other influential sources advocate the substitution of badla by options in India? Their perception is that badla adds to spec ulation and it is better to separate the speculative market from real investment market, so that genuine investors are protected from the effect of excessive speculation. Options would have the same effects and objectives as badla trading. Both increase liquidity, cater to the instinct of speculation and provide a hedge against risk. Both are tools of risk management and based on some rules and regulations, margins and other terms. The differences between them and the advantages of options over Badla may be set out as follows: The risk can be limited and kept with in a range both in upward and downward direction in the case of options. Transparency in operations is possible due to well organized trading in contrasts in options. No manoeurvrability of terms, margins, expiration dates and no flexibility in operations are possible. Cash outlay is limited to the premiums paid and risk taken can be kept in limits. But once the contract period is over the right to nexercise option ceases and no advantage can be taken of any favourable change in price. But in the case of badla, money lending is used as a tool. There is flexibility of margin fixation, and in fixation of carry forward prices. Badla terms can be bargained and the trader has the chance to adjust his purchase and sale position depending on the price movements after settlement, which is not possible for the option purchaser once the contract period is over. Thus, options and badla have both advantages and disadvantages. The edge of options over badla will come in due to electronic trading possible through the use of computer network and this will also ensure greater transparency to trading in options. Otherwisw the time tested method of badla is by itself not inferior as a method of facilitating speculative trading and to increase the volume of trade and liquidity in the securities markets.

COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS

1. (a) Convert the following decimal numbers to binary equivalent :

(i)  39.37

INTRODUCTION TO SOFTWARE.

 1. (a) Design an algorithm and draw a 6 corresponding flow chart to convert binary

number to hexadecimal number.

(b)Write a shell program to find Greatest 6 Common Divisor (GCD) for the two given

numbers.

Operating System Concepts and Networking Management

(1) What are the Goals of Computer Security'?

(2) Justifj, the following statement.  There is no confidentiality without integrity"

(52) What is meant by being in invisible mode in Yahoo Messenger?

(53) How do you being chatting with a friend?

WEBSITE MANAGEMENT  1. Write an HTML code to generate the study centre name, study centre coordinator, place and the state where you are studying your BIT programme. use frame based approach. Make necessary assumptions and indicate them. 2.What is JSP ? Write at least five advantages of JSP 3. Design a feedback form for any of the Universitys websites. Use HTML. Your form should have basic formatting features. Make necessary assumptions and indicate them. 4. Design a home page for any movie theatre. Use HTML. Use frame-based approach. .Assumptions can be made wherever necessary. 5.. Design an Order-form for any online store (for an E-commerce website). Appropriate controls are to be placed for various inputs and events. Write necessary code for the above problem using ASP or CGI program using PERL. 6)Design a web page similar to any of the user-registration for a free email account. The form should consist of all the details with appropriate controls on them. VI should be user-friendly. Implement using ASP OR CGI programming using PERL. 7) Design a web page for any Computer Institute for the students' registration into a particular course./programme/module. Design the user interface with appropriate controls. Implement using ASP OR CGI programming using PERL. 8)Write HTML code to generate the home page of any Educational Institute. It should watch all the essential features on the home - page. Assumption can be made wherever necessary. 9) Explain the role of ASP in the web page design. Illustrate with an example. 10) Design a registration form for an e-mail account. Use ASP/CGI using PERL to make it functional. Draw the sample layout of the form. 11) Design a homepage for a news-website. Use HTML, ASP/CGI using PERL. 12) Explain at least five main menu options of any of the web - browses. 13) Write HTML code to generate the UNIVERSITY NAME, ADDRESS and a logo at the left corner of the page- Use frame based approach to add the options like About university, For students, Regional Centres, Divisions, schools and Recruitments to the left' side of the page and corresponding text should be displayed on the right frame/main frame. 14) What is the role of the VBScript in HTML pages ? Explain with' the help of an example. 15) Design an online Examination form for the students to apply for the exams of theory as well as practical courses. Try to place appropriate controls on the form. Write necessary code for the above problem using ASP or CGI using PERL. 16) Design a home page for an enterprise which has E-Commerce application launched on it. Use HTML. Use frame-based approach 17) Design an online-poll application. The application should consist of a question(s) and 3 answers (YES, NO and CANT' SAY). Depending upon the selection of the choice, it should display the results in a Bar chart form. Write the necessary code for the above problem using ASP or CGI using PERL. 18) write atleast five advantages of use of Javascript in HTML documents' 19) Design a suggestion feedback form for any of the review of the product whose information is placed online. Assumptions can be made wherever necessary . 20) Design an order-form for an online electronics store Appropriate controls should be placed for various inputs and events' Write necessary code for the above problem Use ASP or PERL  21) Design a webpage that consists of a form whose title and heading is FIND ADDRESS. It should consist of a text box labelled as ENROLLMENT NUMBER. It should also consist of SUBMIT and RESET buttons. On clicking SUBMIT button, the address of student whose enrollment number is input in text box should be displayed. Make necessary assumptions. Implement using ASP or CGI programming using PERL. 22) Design a web page similar to any of the on-line polling applications (in the form of objective questions) and display the statistics as per the result (YES, NO' CAN'T SAY)' UI should be user-friendly.

COMPUTER NETWORKING  1) A software company named "Hindsoft" wants to design its network. The company has three departments at different locations in India, like Administration in Bangalore, sales in Bombay and Development at Delhi. Each Department has 30 computers, 4 printers and 2 FAX machines whileadministration department is working as the central office to maintain all databases and main server. The main server is connected with the servers of other two departments. Give answers of the following, based on the network specification defined above :  (a) Draw and explain the best suited physical and logical topology. (b) Justify the need of each network device you may use in the network. ( c ) Which cable is best suited for this all the available cables to justify your answer. (d) Which operating system is best for this 4 company ? Justify your answer. (d) Explain the best hardware and software you should use in the network to implement the security. 2) (a) Explain any two functionalities of each of the following : (i) Data link layer of OSI model (ii) Internet layer of TCP/IP model (iii) Session layer of OSI model (b) What are print servers ? Why do we need them ? Explain the print queue management. 3) Write three difference between each of the following pairs :  (a) Fiber optics and Coaxial cable (b) Bridge and Gateways (c) Connection Oriented and Connectionless Services (d) Peer to Peer and Client-Server Networking (e) ATM and Frame Relay 4) (a) What are the main difference between proxy server and Firewall ? Explain different types of firewalls that use different strategies for protecting network resources. (b) What is meant by Trust Relationship ? 7 Explain the Domain Trust Relationship and Alternative Domain Trust Relationship. 5) (a) What is Token Ring ? How does it work ? In what way is it different from Ethernet ? Also, explain the purpose of fields in Token Ring frame header. (b) Explain the "Resource Password Security Model". 6) (a) Why disk administration is an important part of network Management ? Does it provide security and reliability ? Also, explain the important options provided by disk administrator in Windows NT. 7) Assume you are designing a LAN for library, which has three departments in the library buildinglike Administration, Purchase unit and Maintenance. purchase unit and Maintenance department have 25 computers, o printers each, while Administration department, which is functioning as the Central department has 38 computers, 4 printers and 2 FAX machines Administration department maintains all databases and the main server. The main server is connected with the servers of other departments. Give answers of the following, based on the network defined above : (i) Draw and explain the best suited physical and logical topology for the above network specification. (ii) Justify the need of each hardware device you may use in the network at different t of all (iii) Which cable is best suited for this library ? Compare merits and demerits of all the available cables to justify your answer. (iv) Which operating system is best for this network ? Justify your answer. (v) Explain the best hard wares and soft wares you should use in the network to implement the securitv. 8) (a) Explain the importance of User Access security model. Also, Recursive Password security model, with their advantages and (b) Explain different aspects of print queue management. (c) Explain the importance of disk administration in networking. 9) (a) Explain, how windows NT manages the domains. Also, explain the trust relationship domain with the help of an example. (b) What is the role of Network Interface Card NIC) ? ( c ) How does Stateful Inspection Technique provide security in networks ? 10 )(a) What is a difference between Viruses' and' Trojan Horses' ? Explain the possible precautions an administrator has to take for controlling Viruses and Trojan Horses. (b) Explain the different file systems explain the NTFS master file table supported by Windows NT. Also, draw and structure and define its components' 11) Assume you are designing a network for a university, which has 25 Lecture rooms' ,Administration department, 20 Teachers rooms and one management department' Each Lecture room and Teacher room is having a computer, while administration and managernent department has 20 computers, 10 printers and 2 FAX machines each. Administration is working as the central office which maintains all databases and main serverThe main server is connected to all computers and servers of other departments. Give answers of the following, based on the network defined above : (i) Draw and explain the best suited physical and logical topology for the network specification (ii) justify. the need of each hardware device you may use in the network at different locations. (iii) Which cable is best suited for this company ? Compare merits and demerits of all the available cables to justify your answer. (iv) Which operating system is best for this company ? Justify your answer. (v) Explain the best hard wares and soft wares that can be used in the network to implement the security 12) Explain. any two functionalities of each of the following :  (i) Physical layer ' (ii) Data link layer (iii) Transport layer (b) What is Token Ring ? How does it work ? In what way is it different from Ethernet ? Explain the fields in a Token Ring frame header.. 13) write three differences between each of the following pairs :  (a) IEEE 802.6 and IEEE 802.4 ( b) Iterative and Recursive name resolution (c) Coaxial cable and Fiber optics (d) Centralized computing and Distributed computing (e) Internet and Intranet 14) (a) How does Windows NT manage file system ? Explain different systems supported by Windows NT. Write two advantages and two disadvantages of each model.  (b) Explain the 'flow control' and 'error control' mechanism in X.25 protocol. 15)(a) What are print servers? Why do we need them ? What do you understand by - print queue management ? b) Explain the "Resource Password Security Model 16) Assume you are designing a network for a hospital, which has four departments in the hospital building like administration, OPD, Lab, and Maintenance. Each department has 20 computers, 4printers and 1 FAX machine, while Administration department is working as the Central department which maintains all databases and the main server. The main server is connected with the servers of other departments. Give answers of the following, based on the network defined above : (i)Draw and explain the best suited physical and logical topology for the network specification (ii) Justify the need of each hardware device you may use in the network at different locations. (iii)Which cable is best suited for this company ? Compare merits and demerits of all the available cables to justify your answer. (iv) Which operating system is best for this company ? justify your answer. (v) Explain the best hard wares and soft wares you should use in the network to. implement the security.  17) Assume you are designing a network for a Gargent manufacturing and distribution company. The company has 3 departments at different locations in India like Administration, Manufacturing and Distribution departments at New Delhi, Gujarat and Mumbai respectively. Further, distribution department has .4 sub distribution departments in Mumbai at different locations. Each department has 25 computers, 2 printers and one FAX machine, and each sub-department has 10 computers and 2 printers while Administration department is working as the central office which maintains all database, transactions and main server. The main server is connected with servers of other departments and sub-departments. Give answer of the following, based on the network defined above : (i) Draw and explain the best suited physical and logical topology for the network specification. (ii) justify the need of each hardware device you may use in the network at different locations. (iii) Which cable is best suited for this company ? Compare merits and demerits of all the available cables, to justify your answer. (iv) Which operating system is best for this company? Justify your answer. (v) Explain the best hard wares and soft wares you should use in the network to implement the security 18) Explain any two functionalities of each of the following : (i) Presentation layer (ii) Data link layer (iii) Internet layer of TCP/IP (b) Explain, how the microwave communication works. In what ways is it different ' from the satellite communication ? Give at least three differences. (c) In OSI model, how does the transport layer ensure the complete reliability of the message and the proper ordering of the message ? 19) Write three differences between each of the following pairs (a) Token ring and Token bus (b) Message switching and Packet switching (c) Connection oriented and Connection-less services (d) 10 Base 2 and 100 Base T cable (e) Gateway and Router 14)(a) What is the importance of mirroring ? How do we mirror a disk partition on : I server ? can we establish the mirror of boot partition ? If yes, how f If no, why not ? (b) How does NTFS file system provide the 'recoverability' and 'compression' of files ? Explain your answer with the help of suitable examples for each. 15) (a) What is disk stripping ? What are the differences between strip set with parity and. without -parity ? .Explain, how you can create and remove strip set with parity and without parity. 16) (a) What are the different types of activities that could be administrator in the security policy ? Also, explain addressed by the network why these activities are included in the security policy. (b) How are the configuration of a Explain with suitable diagram. local printer and a network printer different ?